ABAP/4 Interview Qns and Answers

301) Detail concept of Transport Organizer.

Ans

302) Which is slower “Select *” and “Select field1,field2”?

Ans

303) What are the errors in “Call Transaction”?

Ans

304) What is QA and production?

Ans

305) How will you display only 10 lines in Report?

Ans

306) In BDC, if out of 10 records, 7 are successful and there are 3 records with some missing fields, how will you modify those fields?

Ans

307) How will you set breakpoint to 100 messages?

Ans

308) How will you set Reports to Background job?

Ans

309) Name the tables, which is used to see all the transaction available.

Ans See tables, TSTC and TSTCT for all the transaction available

310) List of SAP supplied Programs.

Ans

Details (5)	Program
Purchase Requisitions	RM06BB10
Material Master	RMDATIND
Vendor Master	RFBIKR00
Customer Master	RFBIDE00
Sales Order	RVINVB00

SAP SCRIPT PROGRAMS (9)
Logo	RSTXLDMC
Debug	RSTXDBUG
Upload / Download (Import / Export)	RSTXSCRP
Convert Page Format	RSTXFCON
Text File Inconsistent	RSTXCHK0
Copy Table Across Client	RSCLTCOP
Transfer Scripts Files Across System (Not Clients)	RSTXSCRP
Comparing The Contents Of A Table	RSTBSERV
Change The Development Class	RSWBO052

REPORTS (2)
Submit A BDC Job With An Internal Batch Number	RSBDCBTC
Release Batch Input Sessions	RSBDCSUB

STANDARD PROGRAM (7)
Table Adjustment Across Clients	RSAVGL00
Extended Program List	RSINCL00
Get The Oracle Release	RSORAREL
Display All Instance Parameters	RSPARAM
Substitution / Validation Utility	RSUGBR00
Check Passwords Of Users SAP And DDIC In All Clients	RSUSR003
Last Users Last Login	RSUSR006

311) How to schedule a Report in background? what is the use of background job please explain about it?

Ans There are 3 ways to schedule in background:

SM36

SE38

SA38

The easiest of the three is SA38.

Why background? In foreground jobs are only allowed a certain amount of runtime. Long running jobs usually times out in foreground, and have to be run background. Some customers has day-end jobs to fill custom tables, and these only run late at night, so they are scheduled as background jobs as well. There may be any of a hundred reasons why you want a job to run in background instead of foreground, and these are only 2 of them.

ABAP/4 Interview Qns and Answers

271) What are different data types in ABAP/4?

Ans

Elementary -

Predefined: C, D, F, I, N, P, T, X.

User defined: TYPES.

Structured -

Predefined: TABLES.

User defined: Field Strings and internal tables.

272) What is difference between session method and Call Transaction?

Ans Call Transaction –

1. Single transaction

2. Synchronous processing

3. Asynchronous and Synchronous update

4. No session log is created

5. Faster

Session –

1. Multiple Transaction
2. Asynchronous processing
3. Synchronous update
4. Session log is created
5. Slower

273) Setting up a BDC program where you find information from?

Ans

274) What has to be done to the packed fields before submitting to a BDC session.

Ans Fields converted into character type.

275) What is the structure of a BDC sessions.

Ans BDCDATA (standard structure).

276) What are the fields in a BDC_Tab Table.

Ans PROGRAM, DYNPRO, DYNBEGIN, FNAM, FVAL.

277) What do you define in the domain and data element.

Ans Domain - Technical details are defined in Domain like data type, number of decimal places and length.

Data Element – Functionality details are defined in Data elements – Field Text, Column Captions, Parameters ID, and Online Field Documentation.

278) What is the difference between a pool table and a transparent table and how they are stored at the database level.

Ans Pool tables are a logical representation of transparent tables. Hence no existence at database level.

Where as transparent tables are physical tables and exist at database level.

Pool Table -

4) Many to One Relationship.

5) Table in the Dictionary has the different name, different number of fields, and the fields have the different name as in the R3 Table definition.

6) It can hold only pooled tables.

Transparent Table –

4) One to One relationship.

5) Table in the Dictionary has the same name, same number of fields, and the fields have the same name as in the R3 Table definition.

6) It can hold Application data.

279) What is cardinality?

Ans For cardinality one out of two (domain or data element) should be the same for Ztest1 and Ztest2 tables. M:N Cardinality specifies the number of dependent(Target) and independent (source) entities which can be in a relationship.

280) For Sales Document: Item Data, which table is used?

Ans VBAP – Sales Document, Sales Document Item, Material Number, Material Entered, Batch Number, Material Group, Target Quantity in Sales Document.

281) What are the types of tables?

Ans

1) Transparent table 5) Pool table

2) Cluster table are data dictionary table objects 6) Sorted table

3) Indexed table 7) Hash table

4) Internal tables.

282) What are pooled table?

Ans Table pools (pools) and table clusters (clusters) are special table types in the ABAP Dictionary. The data from several different tables can be stored together in a table pool or table cluster. Tables assigned to a table pool or table cluster are referred to as pooled tables or cluster tables.

A table in the database in which all records from the pooled tables assigned to the table pool are stored corresponds to a table pool. The definition of a pool consists essentially of two key fields (Tabname and Varkey) and a long argument field (Vardata).

Table Clusters Several logical data records from different cluster tables can be stored together in one physical record in a table cluster.

A cluster key consists of a series of freely definable key fields and a field (Pageno) for distinguishing continuation records. A cluster also contains a long field (Vardata) that contains the contents of the data fields of the cluster tables for this key. If the data does not fit into the long field, continuation records are created. Control information on the structure of the data string is still written at the beginning of the Vardata field.

283) What are Hashed Tables?

Ans Hashed tables - This is the most appropriate type for any table where the main operation is key access. You cannot access a hashed table using its index. The response time for key access remains constant, regardless of the number of table entries. Like database tables, hashed tables always have a unique key. Hashed tables are useful if you want to construct and use an internal table, which resembles a database table or for processing large amounts of data.

SAMPLE PROG: THIS DOES NOTHING.

REPORT Z_1 .

TABLES: MARA.

DATA: I TYPE HASHED TABLE OF MARA WITH UNIQUE KEY MATNR

284) How did you test the form u developed? How did you take the print of it?

Ans

285) How many maximum number of fields can be there in a table?

Ans

286) How many primary keys can be there in a table?

Ans

287) What are the steps to perform Performance Tuning? What will you do increase the performance of your system?

Ans

288) What is mandatory in Screen Painter?

Ans

289) If u are entering large amount of data, and system fails, then how many records will be entered or no records or half records will be entered?

Ans

290) In Screen Painter, if two fields are mandatory and user do not want to enter anything but he wants to come out of the screen, then what will he do?

Ans

291) What is At-Exit and User-Exit?

Ans

292) How will you find the standard tables, you only know there names like Customer Master Table?

Ans

293) How will change Development Class?

Ans

294) How will you call both Function Module and Function Group?

Ans

295) What is ALV?

Ans

296) What is Chain-Field & Chain-Loop?

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297) What is Value-Ranges?

Ans

298) How will you provide help for value request particular fields?

Ans

299) How will you find relationship between two or more tables?

Ans

300) In BDC’s, if you forget to write one field, then how will you modify that field in your BDC program?

Ans

ABAP/4 Interview Qns and Answers

251) What are the include programs?

Ans When the same sequence of statements in several programs is to be written repeatedly. They are coded in include programs (External programs) and are included in ABAP/4 programs.

252) Can you call a subroutine of one program from another program?

Ans Yes, only external subroutines Using 'SUBMIT' statement.

253) What are user exits? What is involved in writing them? What precautions are needed?

Ans User defined functionality included to predefined SAP standards. Point in an SAP program where a customer's own program can be called. In contrast to customer exits, user exits allow developers to access and modify program components and data objects in the standard system. On upgrade, each user exit must be checked to ensure that it conforms to the standard system.

There are two types of user exit:

1. User exits that use INCLUDEs - These are customer enhancements that are called directly in the program.
2. User exits that use TABLEs - These are used and managed using Customizing. Should find the customer enhancements belonging to particular development class.

254) What are RFCs? How do you write RFCs on SAP side?

Ans

255) What are the general naming conventions of ABAP programs?

Ans Should start with Y or Z.

256) How do you find if a logical database exists for your program requirements?

Ans SLDB-F4.

257) How do you find the tables to report from when the user just tell you the transaction he uses? And all the underlying data is from SAP structures?

Ans Transaction code is entered in command field to open the table – Utilities –

Table contents display.

258) How do you find the menu path for a given transaction in SAP?

Ans

259) What are the different modules of SAP?

Ans FI, CO, SD, MM, PP, HR.

260) How do you get help in ABAP?

Ans HELP-SAP LIBRARY, by pressing F1 on a keyword.

261) What are different ABAP/4 editors? What are the differences?

Ans

262) What are the different elements in layout sets?

Ans PAGES, Page windows, Header, Paragraph, Character String, Windows.

263) Can you use if then else, perform..etc statements in sap script?

Ans Yes.

264) What type of variables normally used in sap script to output data?

Ans

265) How do you number pages in SAP Script layout outputs?

Ans & page & &next Page &

266) What takes most time in SAP script programming?

Ans LAYOUT DESIGN AND LOGO INSERTION.

267) How do you use tab sets in layout sets?

Ans Define paragraph with defined tabs.

268) How do you backup SAP Script layout sets? Can you download and upload? How?

Ans SAP script backup :- In transaction SE71 goto Utilities -> Copy from client -> Give source form name, source client (000 default), Target form name.

Download :- SE71, type form name -> Display -> Utilities -> form info -> List -> Save to PC file.

Upload :- Create form with page, window, page window with the help of downloaded PC file. Text elements for Page windows to be copied from PC file.

269) What are presentation and application servers in SAP?

Ans The application layer of an R/3 System is made up of the application servers and the message server. Application programs in an R/3 System are run on application servers. The application servers communicate with the presentation components, the database, and also with each other, using the message server.

270) In an ABAP/4 program, how do you access data that exists on Presentation Server vs on an Application Server?

Ans Using loop statements and Flat

ABAP/4 Interview Qns and Answers

231) Among the Call Transaction and Session Method, which is faster?

Ans Call transaction is faster then session method. But usually we use session method in real time...because we can transfer large amount of data from internal table to database and if any errors in a session, then process will not complete until session get correct.

232) What are the difference between Interactive and Drill Down Reports?

Ans ABAP/4 provides some interactive events on lists such as AT LINE-SELECTION (double click) or AT USER-COMMAND (pressing a button). You can use these events to move through layers of information about individual items in a list.

Drill down report is nothing but interactive report...drilldown means above paragraph only.

233) How to pass the variables to forms?

Ans

234) What is the table, which contain the details of all the name of the programs and forms?

Ans Table contains vertical and horizontal lines. We can store the data in table as blocks. We can scroll depends upon your wish. And these all are stored in database (data dictionary).

235) What are Standard Texts?

Ans

236) What is the difference between Clustered Tables and Pooled Tables?

Ans A pooled table is used to combine several logical tables in the ABAP/4 dictionary. Pooled tables are logical tables that must be assigned to a table pool when they are defined.

Cluster table are logical tables that must be assigned to a table cluster when they are defined. Cluster table can be used to store control data. They can also used to store temporary data or text such as documentation.

237) What is PF-STATUS?

Ans PF-Status is used in interactive report for enhancing the functionality. If we go to SE41, we can get menus, items and different function keys, which we are using for secondary list in interactive report.

238) Among "Move" and "Move Corresponding", which is efficient one?

Ans I guess, 'move corresponding' is very efficient then 'move' statement. Because usually we use this statement for internal table fields only...so if we give move corresponding. Those fields only moving to other place (what ever you want).

239) What are the Output Type, Transaction codes, Page Format?

Ans

240) Where we use Chain and End chain?

Ans In Screen Programming

241) Do you use select statement in loop…end loop, how will be the performance? To improve the performance?

Ans

242) In select-options, how to get the default values as current month first date and last date by default? Eg: 1/12/2004 and 31/12/2004

Ans

243) What are IDOCs?

Ans IDOCs are intermediate documents to hold the messages as a container.

244) What are screen painter? Menu painter? Gui status? ..etc.

Ans dynpro - flow logic + screens.

menu painter -

GUI Status - It is subset of the interface elements (title bar, menu bar, standard tool bar, push buttons) used for a certain screen.

The status comprises those elements that are currently needed by the transaction.

245) What is screen flow logic? What are the sections in it? Explain PAI and PBO.

Ans The control statements that control the screen flow.

PBO - This event is triggered before the screen is displayed.

PAI - This event is responsible for processing of screen after the user enters the data and clicks the pushbutton.

246) Overall how do you write transaction programs in SAP?

Ans Create program-SE93-create transaction code -Run it from command field.

Create the transaction using object browser (SE80)

Define the objects e.g. screen, Transactions. – Modules – PBO, PAI.

247) Does SAP has a GUI screen painter or not? If yes what operating systems is it available on? What is the other type of screen painter called?

Ans Yes.

Operating System – Windows based

Screen Painter – Alpha numeric Screen Painter

248) What are step loops? How do you program page down page up in step loops?

Ans Step loops are repeated blocks of field in a screen.

Step loops: Method of displaying a set of records.

Page down & Page up: decrement / increment base counter

Index = base + sy-step1 – 1

249) Is ABAP a GUI language?

Ans Yes, ABAP IS AN EVENT DRIVEN LANGUAGE.

250) Normally how many and what files get created when a transaction program is written?

What is the XXXXXTOP program?

Ans Main program with A Includes

1. TOP INCLUDE – GLOBAL DATA
2. Include for PBO
3. Include for PAI
4. Include for Forms

ABAP/4 Interview Qns and Answers

211) What are the fields of Sales Order?

Ans Transaction Code of Sales Order: VA01

Table of Sales Order: VBAK

Order Type - AUART

Sales Org – VKORG

Dist Channel – VTWEG

Division – SPART

Sales Office - VKBUR

Sales Group - VKGRP

212) What are different types of screen keywords?

Ans There are four types of screen keywords: Module, Loop, Chain and Field.

213) Write special commands of List.

Ans There are four specials commands of lists: Write, Uline, Skip and New-Page

214) Write the following in different manner.

IF ( A GE B ) AND ( A LE C)

Ans IF A BETWEEN B AND C

215) What are the different types of ABAP statements?

Ans There are six types of ABAP statements:

1) Declarative - Types, Data, Tables

2) Modularization - Event Keywords and Defining Keywords

3) Control - If…Else, While, Case

4) Call - Perform, Call, Set User Command, Submit, Leave to

5) Operational - Write, Add, Move

6) Database - Open SQL & Native SQL

216) How data is stored in cluster table?

Ans Each field of cluster table behaves as tables, which contains the number of entries.

217) What are client dependant objects in ABAP / SAP?

Ans SAP Script layout, text element, and some DDIC objects.

218) On which event we can validate the input fields in module programs?

Ans In PAI (Write field statement on field you want to validate, if you want to validate group of fields put in chain and End chain statement.)

219) In selection screen, I have three fields, plant material number and material group. If I input plant how do I get the material number and material group based on plant dynamically?

Ans AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON VALUE-REQUEST FOR MATERIAL.

CALL FUNCTION 'F4IF_INT_TABLE_VALUE_REQUEST'

to get material and material group for the plant.

220) How do you get output from IDOC?

Ans Data in IDOC is stored in segments; the output from IDOC is obtained by reading the data stored in its respective segments.

221) When top of the page event is triggered?

Ans After executing first write statement in start-of-selection event.

222) Can we create field without data element and how?

Ans In SE11, one option is available above the fields strip i.e. Data element / direct type.

223) Fields of VBAK Table.

Ans VBAK – Sales Document : Header Data

Details about Sales Organization, Distribution Channel, Division, Sales Group, Sales Office, Business Area, Outline Agreements, etc

224) Which transaction code can I used to analyze the performance of ABAP program.

Ans Transaction Code AL21.

225) How can I copy a standard table to make my own Z_TABLE?

Ans Go to transaction SE11. Then there is one option to copy table. Press that button. Enter the name of the standard table and in the Target table enter Z_table name and press enter.

226) What is runtime analysis? Have you used this?

Ans It checks program execution time in microseconds. When you go to SE30. If you give desired program name in performance file. It will take you to below screen. You can get how much fast is your program.

227) What is meant by performance analysis?

Ans

228) How to transfer the objects? Have you transferred any objects?

Ans

229) How did you test the developed objects?

Ans There are two types of testing

- Negative testing

- Positive testing

In negative testing, we will give negative data in input and we check any errors occurs.

In positive testing, we will give positive data in input for checking errors.

230) How did you handle errors in Call Transaction?

Ans We can create an internal table like 'bsgmcgcoll'. All the messages will go to internal table. We can get errors in this internal table.

Below messages are go to internal table. When you run the call transaction.

1) TCODE

2) Message Type

3) Message Id

4) Message Number

5) MSGV1

6) MSGV2

7) MSGV3

8) MSGV4

CALL TRANSACTION TCODE USING BDCDATA MODE A/N/E.

UPDATE MODE A/S MESSAGE INTO BDCDATA.

THEN PUT LOOP…ENDLOOP OF BDCMSGCOLL

CALL FUNCTION ‘FORMAT_WRITE’

EXPORT = SYSTEM FIELD

IMPORT = MSG TEXT ERROR

ABAP/4 Interview Qns and Answers

201) What are the sequences of event block?

Ans

i. Reports

ii. Nodes

iii. Data

iv. Initialization

v. At selection-screen

vi. Start-of-selection

vii. Get deptt

viii. Get emp

ix. Get deptt late

x. End-of-selection

xi. Form

xii. Endform

202) What are types of Select statements?

Ans SELECT SINGLE ... WHERE ...

SELECT [DISTINCT] ... WHERE ...

SELECT * ...

203) What are DML commands?

Ans Select, Insert, Delete, Modify, Update.

204) What is Asynchronous and Synchronous Update?

Ans Asynchronous Update – The program does not wait for the work process to finish the

update. Commit Work.

Synchronous Update – The program wait for the work process to finish the update.

Commit Work and Wait.

205) Write syntax for Message Error (Report)?

Ans AT SELECTION-SCREEN.

SELECT * FROM ZREKHA_DEPTT INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF ITAB

WHERE DEPTNO IN DEPTNO.

ENDSELECT.

If SY-DBCNT = 0.

MESSAGE E000 WITH ‘NO RECORDS FOUND’.

ENDIF.

206) How to see the list of all created session?

Ans There are two method to see all sessions:

1) SHDB (Recording)

2) Write code in SE38 then save, check errors activate and execute it.

System

Service

Batch input

Session

207) What are the function module in BDC?

Ans There are three function module in BDC:

1) BDC_OPEN_GROUP

2) BDC_INSERT

3) BDC_CLOSE_GROUP

208) Write the steps to execute session method.

Ans Steps for execution Session Method:

1) System

2) Service

3) Batch Input

4) Session

5) Choose Session Name

6) Process

7) Asks for Mode (Display All Screen, Display Errors & Background)

8) Process

209) What are the different types of mode (run code) in Call Transaction method?

Ans There are three modes in Call Transaction:

A – Displays All Screen

E – Display Errors

N – Background Processing

210) Write the transaction code of Customer Master Data, Pricing, Inquiry, Quotation and Sales Order.

Ans

Customer Master Data - XD01

Pricing -

Inquiry - VA11

Quotation - VA21

Sales Order - VA01

- MM01